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Death rates among adults aged 25–49 were 42% higher in the North than in the South of England in 2024, compared with 13% higher in 1981, according to research published today in The Lancet Public Health.

The relative North–South gap in this age group has therefore more than tripled over four decades. These comparisons take account of differences in age and sex between the populations.

In the 1980s, northern women in their late twenties and thirties had no…